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Compare Botswana (2005) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

Compare Botswana (2005) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)

 Botswana (2005)Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)
 BotswanaTurks and Caicos Islands
Administrative divisions 9 districts and 5 town councils*; Central, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Jwaneng*, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, Northwest, Northeast, Selebi-Pikwe*, Southeast, Southern none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure 0-14 years: 38.8% (male 322,916/female 312,735)


15-64 years: 57.5% (male 455,183/female 487,236)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 23,914/female 38,131) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 31.3% (male 3,466/female 3,345)


15-64 years: 64.8% (male 7,398/female 6,690)


65 years and over: 3.9% (male 394/female 453) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products livestock, sorghum, maize, millet, beans, sunflowers, groundnuts corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports 85 (2004 est.) 8 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 10


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 75


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 54


under 914 m: 18 (2004 est.)
total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Area total: 600,370 sq km


land: 585,370 sq km


water: 15,000 sq km
total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Texas 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. Four decades of uninterrupted civilian leadership, progressive social policies, and significant capital investment have created one of the most dynamic economies in Africa. Mineral extraction, principally diamond mining, dominates economic activity, though tourism is a growing sector due to the country's conservation practices and extensive nature preserves. Botswana has one of the world's highest known rates of HIV/AIDS infection, but also one of Africa's most progressive and comprehensive programs for dealing with the disease. The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate 23.33 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 21.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $3.735 billion


expenditures: $3.743 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million (1997-98 est.)
Capital Gaborone name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)


geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W


time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
Climate semiarid; warm winters and hot summers tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 389 km
Constitution March 1965, effective 30 September 1966 Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006)
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Botswana


conventional short form: Botswana


former: Bechuanaland
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands


abbreviation: TCI
Death rate 29.36 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $531 million (2004 est.) $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph HUGGINS


embassy: address NA, Gaborone


mailing address: Embassy Enclave, P. O. Box 90, Gaborone


telephone: [267] 353982


FAX: [267] 312782
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Lapologang Caesar LEKOA


chancery: 1531-1533 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 244-4990


FAX: [1] (202) 244-4164
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international commission established with Namibia has yet to resolve small residual disputes along the Caprivi Strip, including the Situngu marshlands along the Linyanti River; downstream Botswana residents protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango hydroelectric dam at Popavalle (Popa Falls); Botswana has built electric fences to stem the thousands of Zimbabweans who flee to find work and escape political persecution; Namibia has long supported and in 2004 Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing their short, but not clearly delimited Botswana-Zambia boundary have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient $73 million (1995) $4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest economic growth rates since independence in 1966. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $9,200 in 2004. Two major investment services rank Botswana as the best credit risk in Africa. Diamond mining has fueled much of the expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for 70-80% of export earnings. Tourism, financial services, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. On the downside, the government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially is 23.8%, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the second highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains. An expected leveling off in diamond mining production overshadow long-term prospects. The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, offshore financial services, and fishing. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than three-quarters of the 175,000 visitors that arrived in 2004. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption 1.89 billion kWh (2002) 10.76 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 1.025 billion kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 930 million kWh (2002) 11.57 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m


highest point: Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7% black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates pulas per US dollar - 4.6929 (2004), 4.9499 (2003), 6.3278 (2002), 5.8412 (2001), 5.1018 (2000) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state: President Festus G. MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Festus G. MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president indirectly elected for a five-year term; election last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held NA 2009); vice president appointed by the president


election results: Festus G. MOGAE elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 52%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005)


head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the 2006 constitution


cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly, and the attorney general


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Exports NA 0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities diamonds, copper, nickel, soda ash, meat, textiles lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners European Free Trade Association (EFTA) 87%, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 7%, Zimbabwe 4% (2000) US, UK (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 4%


industry: 44% (including 36% mining)


services: 52% (2003 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $9,200 (2004 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3.5% (2004 est.) 4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 22 00 S, 24 00 E 21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways total: 10,217 km


paved: 5,619 km


unpaved: 4,598 km (1999)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports NA 83.55 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery, electrical goods, transport equipment, textiles, fuel and petroleum products, wood and paper products, metal and metal products food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 74%, EFTA 17%, Zimbabwe 4% (2000) US, UK (2006)
Independence 30 September 1966 (from UK) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 4.4% (2004 est.) NA%
Industries diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing; textiles tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate total: 54.58 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 55.97 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 53.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 14.7 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 17 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 7% (2004 est.) 4% (1995)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district) Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force 264,000 formal sector employees (2000) 4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation NA note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries total: 4,013 km


border countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 0.65%


permanent crops: 0.01%


other: 99.34% (2001)
arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (2005)
Languages Setswana 78.2%, Kalanga 7.9%, Sekgalagadi 2.8%, English 2.1% (official), other 8.6%, unspecified 0.4% (2001 census) English (official)
Legal system based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of the eight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three members selected by the other 12 members) and the National Assembly (61 seats, 57 members are directly elected by popular vote and four are appointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms)


elections: National Assembly elections last held 30 October 2004 (next to be held October 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - BDP 52%, BNF 26%, BCP 17%, other 5%; seats by party - BDP 44, BNF 12, BCP 1
unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats of which 15 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 9 February 2007 (next to be held in 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - PNP 60%, PDM 40%; seats by party - PNP 13, PDM 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 33.87 years


male: 33.89 years


female: 33.84 years (2005 est.)
total population: 74.95 years


male: 72.69 years


female: 77.32 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 79.8%


male: 76.9%


female: 82.4% (2003 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location Southern Africa, north of South Africa Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - registered in other countries: 1 (Panama 1) (2007)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Botswana Defense Force (includes an Air Wing) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $338.5 million (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.9% (2004) -
National holiday Independence Day (Botswana Day), 30 September (1966) Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)


adjective: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
noun: none


adjective: none
Natural hazards periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility frequent hurricanes
Natural resources diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate 6.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
People - note - destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US
Political parties and leaders Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus G. MOGAE]; Botswana National Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Otlaadisa KOOSALETSE]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]


note: a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the BAM but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]; the Independence Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO]; and the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Floyd SEYMOUR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 1,640,115


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
21,746 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line 47% (2002 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 0% (2005 est.) 2.722% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001) AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2003)
Railways total: 888 km


narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge (2004)
-
Religions Christian 71.6%, Badimo 6%, other 1.4%, unspecified 0.4%, none 20.6% (2001 census) Baptist 40%, Anglican 18%, Methodist 16%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.036 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.106 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 1.073 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: the system is expanding with the growth of mobile cellular service and participation in regional development


domestic: small system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radiotelephone communication stations; mobile cellular service is growing fast


international: country code - 267; two international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing


domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available


international: country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 142,400 (2002) 5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 435,000 (2002) 1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 1 (2001) 0 (broadcasts received from The Bahamas; 2 cable television networks) (2003)
Terrain predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate 2.85 children born/woman (2005 est.) 3.02 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 23.8% (2004 est.) 10% (1997 est.)
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